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Qashqai

カシュガイ族は、イラン南西部ファールス州のイランを代表する遊牧民で、中央アジアやアゼルバイジャンにルーツを持つテュルク系民族が中心となっている連合体です。現代でも定住せず、遊牧する人々もいます。ザグロス山脈を行き来し、冬はペルシャ湾の方の牧草地へ、夏は涼しいザグロスの麓でテントを張り生活をします。糸紡ぎ、絨毯織は女性の仕事であり、羊の放牧、毛刈りは男性の仕事です。彼らが製作する絨毯は古代から続く神々の使いの生き物や植物などが、細かく抽象化されて織り込まれているもの、大胆に大きくライオンなどを荒い織で表現したギャベと呼ばれているものなど様々です。また綴織キリムやジャジムやスマックなどのパイル織以外の織物も有名です。これらの織物は鞍掛やサドルバッグやカバン、塩袋や布団入れなどの民具として使われてきました。

The Qashqai people are a nomadic group representing Iran in the southwestern Fars province, primarily composed of Turkic ethnicities with roots in Central Asia and Azerbaijan. Even in modern times, there are still people who do not settle, and continue to live a nomadic lifestyle. They move back and forth across the Zagros Mountains, spending winters in the pastures near the Persian Gulf and summers in tents at the cooler foothills of the Zagros. Spinning thread and weaving carpets are tasks typically performed by women, while men are responsible for herding sheep and shearing wool. The carpets they produce feature intricate abstractions of divine creatures and plants that have been passed down since ancient times, as well as bold, large representations of lions and other motifs in a coarse weave known as Gabbeh. Additionally, they are famous for other woven textiles such as kilims, jajims, and sumaks, which are not pile-woven. These textiles have been used as traditional items such as horse-cover, saddle bags, bags, salt bags, and bedding.